When you have finished this lesson you can:

• Name family members

• Describe family relationships

• talking about what you’re thinking, believing, hoping

How explained in the first chapter, this terms are seldom used in the spoken language.

In German, there is a small, but significant language difference between being in love with someone and being only friends. The nouns are the same: Freund/Freundin.

If you are asked about your civil status, say:

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If you live with someone you use the word zusammenleben. This is a regular verb and it is used with "mit + dative"

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If siblings only share either mother or father use this terms:

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Grandparents, the parents of parents, are named with die Großeltern.

Terms of endearment for the grandmother are: Oma

Terms of endearment for the grandfather are: Opa

When talking about children's children you say:

The next generations always get a (or one more) “Ur-” before: die Urenkel.

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If you are married you get some “new” parents:

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In german, the genitive designates a relationship between two nouns in which one of them belongs to the other. The “owner” is in genitive and after the noun belonging (to) him/her.

         der Vater des Kindes             [the child’s father]

        die Frau meines Bruders        [my brother’s wife]

         die Tochter seiner Schwester [his sister’s daughter]

! Exception: Names stand before the noun that belongs to the person and gets - independent of the gender - the ending “-s”.

            Elisabeths Mann                       [Elisabeth’s husband]

          Paulas Tante                             [Paula’s aunt]

Exception: All names ending with -s, -tz, -x or -z. This is not pronounceable with an additional "-s", so it is omitted. In written German, there is an apostroph:
      

Exception: All names ending with -s, -tz, -x or -z. This is not pronounceable with an additional "-s", so it is omitted. In written German, there is an apostroph:

Fritz'Cousine

! Remember: These are the endings of articles and nouns in genitive:

* There are some masculine nouns in German, so-called weak nouns, building their genitive with -(e)n.

For example:     der Junge - des Jungen [the boy]

der Architekt - des Architekten [the architect]

To be sure how it is right you can use a dictionary. There the genitive ending is often extra specified.

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Transform the terms in parentheses in genitive and insert they into the phrases.

For example: das Buch __________ (meine Tante)

Ask if they meet (see) each other often. (You are familiar with them.)

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The use of the pronoun “man” is very common when the person that is carrying out the action is not important.

         Man fährt zwei Stunden bis zu meinen Eltern.     [One drives two hours to my parents.]

         Man muss das Zimmer buchen.                             [One have to book the room.]

“Man” is not declined (it doesn’t change) and only can be used in the nominative singular, that means as subject of a clause.

Verbs like “glauben” (to believe), ´”denken” (to think) and “hoffen” (to hope) often demands a subordinate clause which describes the contents of the believe, the thoughts, the hopes.

These are usually build with the subordinate conjunction “dass” (that).

    Ich glaube, dass sie einen Bruder bekommt.     [I believe that she’ll get a brother.]

     Ich denke, dass ich sie treffen werde.                  [I think that I’ll meet them.]

                    ! Remember: If you talking about plans you use the future tense in German.

    Ich hoffe, dass wir bald heiraten werden.              [I hope that we will marry soon.]

Arrange correctly: Click at the pronoun on the left and drag them to the corresponding form of the verb on the right side.